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"ETOFFEMENT" (OR LENGTHENING OUT)
"Etoffement", or lengthening out, is a process in which the French translation is longer than the original wording in English :
- "Please, come back," he said piteously : « Je t'en prie, reviens », dit-il d'une voix qui faisait pitié
- I must list my options first : Tout d'abord, il me faut examiner les solutions qui s'offrent à moi
In some instances, lengthening out is unavoidable :
- To my surprise : A ma grande surprise
(A ma surprise would sound awkard)
- "You are Lauren Smith, aren't you?" : « Vous êtes bien Lauren Smith, n'est-ce pas ?"
- in Middleport, N. Y. (AM 83) : à Middleport, dans l'état de New York
(the American initials N. Y. for New York State are not used in French)
- Marco Schall, 24 (AM 86) : Marco Schall, âgé de 24 ans
(French cannot be content with a mere figure to indicate a person's age)
- Fast food tempts the hurried (AM 92) : La restauration rapide tente les gens pressés
(a literal rendering of "the hurried" by « les pressés » is impossible in French)
- programs by private enterprise (...) to improve the quality of work (AM 83) : des programmes mis sur pied par les entreprises privées (...) pour améliorer la qualité du travail
- From John (sur un paquet-cadeau) : De la part de John
Lengthening out is a method to be found more frequently in English-to-French translation than in French-to-English translation, as French is more analytical and less concise than English.
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EXERCISE
Lengthen out the following sentences.
1/ Times Beach, Mo. (AM 85) :
2/ Stephen Broderson, 19 (AM 88) :
3/ anyone with binoculars :
4 / as economies reeled from the second oil shock (AM 86) :
5/ a meteorite from Antartica :
6/ You can reach his room through the study
:
7/ Trips from Dover :
8/ the charge against him :
9/ the man in a blue suit :
10/ With a cry :
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ANSWERS
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